Table 4.

Effects of ivabradine and digoxin/patients with asymptomatic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.

	Before mean±SD	Ivabradine mean±SD	P	Digoxin mean±SD	P	DIGvsIVA P
NYHA	3	2.8±0.5	#	2.2±0.4	#	§
NB-proBNP	953±125	815±294	NS	655±193	#	§
HR	88±4	85±3	NS	78±3	#	§
6MWT	281±45	307±88	°	355±42	#	§
maxHR	167±6	149±8	#	145±7	#	§
LVEF	63±5	65±5	NS	67±5	#	§
E/A	05±0.4	06±0.3	*	0.9±0.2	#	§
E/E1	14.5±0.2	14.3±0.4	*	13.0±2.1.4	#	§
LAVi	29±2	27±2	#	25±2	#	§
LVDd	54±3	53±3	NS	48±2	#	§

NYHA, dyspnea NYHA class; NB-proBNP, N-terminal natriuretic peptide (pg/mL); HR, heart rate (beats/min); 6MWT, 6-min walk-test (m); maxHR, maximal heart rate (beats/min); LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction, (%); E/A, ratio of Doppler-E and -A wave; E/E1, color tissue Doppler septal E/E1 ratio, i.e. septal values combination of E’ with peak E velocity; LAVi, index of left atrium (mL/m2); LVDd, end-diastolic left ventricular dimension (mm); SD, 1 standard deviation; NS, P value baseline versus therapy, non-significant.

* P value baseline versus therapy, P<0.05;

° P value baseline versus therapy, P<0.005;

# P value baseline versus therapy , P<0.001;

§ P value within groups (ivabradine-digoxin), P<0.001.