Table 1.

 Characteristics of the trials of oseltamivir for treatment of influenza

Trial (drug)	Inclusion criteria	Exclusion criteria	Age range (years)	Intervention			Control		Outcomes reported	Duration of follow-up (days)
				No recruited	No confirmed*		No recruited	No confirmed*
JV15823, 2000, Japan	Influenza-like illness of ≤36 hours+temperature ≥38.0°C	Pregnancy, suspected bacterial infection, use of antivirals, influenza immunisation, drug misuse	≥16	154	122		159	130	Time to alleviation of symptoms	6
M76001, 1998/9, USA	Influenza-like illness of ≤36 hours+temperature ≥38.0°C	Unstable chronic illness, transplant recipients, immunosuppression, pregnancy, allergy, drug misuse	≥13-80	965	702		482	361	Time to alleviation of symptoms	21
ML16369, 2001, China	Influenza-like illness of ≤36 hours+temperature ≥37.8°C	Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pregnancy, immunosuppression, suspected bacterial infection	≥18-≥65	216	134		235	139	Median duration of symptoms	21
NV16871, 2004, 10 European countries	Asthmatic children, influenza-like illness of ≤36 hours+temperature ≥37.8°C	Immunosuppression, use of antibiotics, transplant recipients, allergy, use of antivirals	6-17	165	43		164	51	Time to alleviation of symptoms	23
WV15670, 1997/8, USA	Influenza-like illness of ≤36 hours+temperature ≥38.0°C	Pregnancy, suspected bacterial infection, use of antivirals, influenza immunization, drug abuse	≥18-≥65	484	314		235	161	Time to alleviation of symptoms	25
WV15671, 1997/8, USA	Influenza-like illness of ≤36 hours+temperature ≥38.0°C	Pregnancy, suspected bacterial infection, use of antivirals, influenza immunisation, drug misuse	≥18-≥65	411	245		204	129	Time to alleviation of symptoms	21
WV15707, 1998/9, Australia, South Africa, South America	Influenza-like illness of ≤36 hours+temperature ≥37.5°C	Unstable chronic illness, transplant recipients, immunosuppression	≥65	17	6		9	6	Time to alleviation of symptoms	25
WV15730, 1998, Australia, South Africa	Influenza-like illness of ≤36 hours+temperature ≥38.0°C	Pregnancy, transplant recipients, immunosuppression, drug misuse, use of antivirals	≥18-≥65	31	19		27	19	Time to alleviation of symptoms	21
WV15758, 1998, USA, Canada	Influenza-like illness of <48 hours+temperature ≥37.8°C	Immunosuppression, allergy, use of antivirals, transplant recipients	1-12	344	217		351	235	Time to alleviation of symptoms	28
WV15759/WV15871, 1999, 7 European countries, USA, Argentina, Chile, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Hong Kong	Patients with asthma, influenza-like illness of <48 hours+temperature ≥37.8°C	Immunosuppression, allergy, transplant recipients, use of antivirals	6-12	170	84		164	95	Time to alleviation of symptoms, time to return to normal activity	28
WV15812/WV15872, 1999, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, 10 European Countries, USA, Canada	Chronic cardiac and/or respiratory disease, fever ≥38°C (100°F) if <65 years or ≥37.5°C (99.5°F) if ≥65 years	COAD stage III, transplant recipients, liver/renal dysfunction, drug misuse, allergy, immunosuppression	≥13	199	118		202	133	Time to alleviation of symptoms	21
WV15819/WV15876/WV15978, 1999/2000, 14 European countries, Canada, USA, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa	Influenza-like illness of <36 hours, fever ≥37.5°C	Unstable chronic illness, transplant recipients, use of antivirals, drug misuse, suspected bacterial infection	≥65	362	223		373	254	Duration of illness	21
WV16277, 2000, 10 European countries	Influenza-like illness of <36 hours, fever ≥37.5°C	Immunosuppression, allergy, transplant recipients, use of antivirals, grade IV cardiac failure NYHA scale	≥13 or ≥18	226	119		225	109	Time to alleviation of symptoms	21

COAD=chronic obstructive airways disease; NYHA=New York Heart Association.

*Participant recruited with influenza-like illness symptoms/signs who has had a fourfold or greater increase in influenza antibody titre or a positive viral culture result, or both.