Comparison 5.

Early versus late immersion in water

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Epidural/spinal analgesia/paracervical block	1	200	Risk Ratio (M-H, Fixed, 95% CI)	2.21 [1.39, 3.52]
2 Use of oxytocin	1	200	Risk Ratio (M-H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.9 [1.35, 2.68]
3 Instrumental or surgical delivery	0	0	Risk Ratio (M-H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
4 Abnormal fetal heart rate patterns	1	200	Risk Ratio (M-H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
5 Apgar score less than seven at one minute	1	200	Risk Ratio (M-H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
6 Neonatal infection	1	200	Risk Ratio (M-H, Fixed, 95% CI)	3.0 [0.12, 72.77]
7 Admission to neonatal special care unit	0	0	Risk Ratio (M-H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
8 Neonatal birthweight in grams	1	200	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	−66.0 [−189.34, 57.34]