Table 8.
Comparison of viscoelastic properties for AFM indentation (with a spherical tip) of osteoblasts, chondrocyte, adipocytes, adipose-derived adult stem cells (ADAS) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in spread and spherical morphologies [107].
| cell morphology | cell type | E∞ (kPa) | E0 (kPa)a | η (kPa s−1)a |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| spread | Osteoblast | 4.5 ± 2.3 | 11.6 ± 33.9 | 112.2 ± 450 |
| chondrocyte | 1.0 ± 1.6 | 1.70 ± 3.13 | 5.80 ± 14 | |
| ADAS cell | 1.7 ± 1.1 | 3.81 ± 15.4 | 20.2 ± 47.8 | |
| MSC | 2.3 ± 2.1 | 4.23 ± 14.4 | 20.5 ± 128 | |
| spherical | osteoblast | 0.60 ± 0.78 | 2.1 ± 3.7 | 10.3 ± 21.4 |
| chondrocyte | 0.45 ± 0.42 | 0.91 ± 1.3 | 4.5 ± 8.9 | |
| ADAS cell | 0.37 ± 0.31 | 1.6 ± 2.6 | 8.8 ± 16.6 | |
| MSC | 0.52 ± 0.60 | 5.3 ± 16.1 | 46.3 ± 140 |
aNote that the values of E0 and viscosity η were recalculated based on the raw data in [107].