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Step 1: functionalization of NP-A with sodium 2-mercaptoethanesulfonate (MESNa) through ligand exchange. Step 2: purification of functionalized NP-A from excess of coating agent by centrifugation. Step 3: controlled self-assembly of NP-A and NP-B through electrostatic interactions. NP-B were synthesized according to procedures published before.40,41,51
