Table 3.

Key Findings from Selected Clinical Trials that Measured BCF in Subjects with NGT, IR, IGT, or T2DM^a.

^aStudies are organized by intervention category, then by publication date.

Abbreviations: ADA, American Diabetes Association; ALO, alogliptin; ARG, arginine; ARG stim, arginine stimulation; AUC, area under the concentration-time curve; BCF, β-cell function; BID, twice daily; BL, baseline; BMI, body mass index; CGI, combined glucose intolerance; d, day(s); D/E, diet and exercise; DI, disposition index; Esc, dose escalation allowed; Ex, exenatide; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; GLIB, glibenclamide; GLIC, gliclazide; GLIM, glimepiride; GLY, glyburide; HbA_1c, glycated hemoglobin A_1c; HOMA, homeostasis model assessment; IFG, impaired fasting glucose; IGI, insulinogenic index; IGT, impaired glucose tolerance; IR, insulin resistance; ISI, insulin sensitivity index; ISR, insulin secretion rate; IVGTT, intravenous glucose tolerance test; LINA, linagliptin; LIRA, liraglutide; MI, Matsuda Index; mo, month(s); MTT, mixed-meal tolerance test; NA, not applicable; NG, not given; NGT, normal glucose tolerance; OAD, oral antidiabetes drug(s); OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test; PBO, placebo; PIO, pioglitazone; PP, postprandial; PPG, postprandial glucose; QD, once daily; QW, once weekly; RPG, repaglinide; ROSI, rosiglitazone; SAXA, saxagliptin; SC, subcutaneous; SITA, sitagliptin; stim, stimulation; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; TID; three times a day; TROG, troglitazone; VILDA, vildagliptin; vs., versus; wk, week(s); y, year(s).