Table III. Leaf and environmental parameter values used in the various solutions reported in the figures.

Quantity	Symbol	Red Oak (Fig. 2)	Sunflower (Fig. 3)	Condensing Leaf (Fig. 4)	EFM Leaf (Fig. 5)	Unitsa
Leaf thickness, adaxial		167.7 × 10−6	200 × 10−6	167.7 × 10−6	167.7 × 10−6	m
Leaf thickness, abaxial		94.3 × 10−6	200 × 10−6	94.3 × 10−6	94.3 × 10−6	m
Liquid area fraction, adaxial		0.95	0.8	0.8	0.8	–
Liquid area fraction, abaxial		0.7	0.2	0.15	0.4	–
Vapor area fraction, adaxial		0.05	0.2	0.2	0.2	–
Vapor area fraction, abaxial		0.3	0.8	0.85	0.6	–
Palisade absorbed radiation		0.8 SR	0.9 SR	0.8 SR	0.8 SR	J m−2 s−1
Spongy absorbed radiation		0.2 SR	0.1 SR	0.2 SR	0.2 SR	J m−2 s−1
Leaf hydraulic capacity		9.3 × 10−4	–	–	–	mol m−3 Pa−1
Vascular conductance		2.1 × 10−8	1 × 10−7	2.1 × 10−8	2.1 × 10−8	mol m−2 Pa−1 s−1
Vascular conductance scaling factor		0.67	–	–	0.6 - 0.8	–
Root and stem conductance	Krs	–	–	6 × 10−9	–	mol m−2 Pa−1 s−1
Hydraulic conductivity cells		6.97 × 10−13	1 × 10−12	6.97 × 10−13	6.97 × 10−13	mol m−1 Pa−1 s−1
Thermal conductivity cells		0.286	0.2	0.286	0.286	J m−1 K−1 s−1
Stomatal conductance, total	gs	0.3	0.71	0.34	0.3	mol m−2 s−1
Characteristic leaf length	lc	0.1	–	0.1	0.1	m
Emissivity, long-wave, leaf		0.96	0.96	0.96	0.96	–
Boundary layer conductance (one side, cuvette)	gbl	1.42	1.42	–	–	mol m−2 s−1
Wind speed	uw	3.86	–	3.86	3.86	m s−1
Relative humidity	RH	44%	84%	85%	44%	–
Temperature, air (base)	Tair	301.5	298.15	301.5	301.5	K
Photosynthetic photon flux density	PPFD	1,700	–	1,700	50–2,000	μmol m−2 s−1

^aDashes indicate a dimensionless (unitless) quantity.