Table 5. International comparison of population-attributable fraction for excess body weight on cancer.

Cancer site (ICD-10)	Korea						Japan [26]				United States [28]				United Kingdom [27]
	Men			Women			Men		Women		Men		Women				Men	Women
	RR		PAF	RR		PAF	RR	PAF	RR	PAF	RR	PAF	RR	PAF	RR		PAF	PAF
	23≤BMI <25	BMI≥25		23≤BMI <25	BMI≥25		BMI≥25		BMI≥25		BMI≥30		BMI≥30		25≤BMI <30	BMI≥30
Colorectum (C18-20)	1.12	1.16	6.8	1.12	1.16	6.6					1.4	12	1.1	3	1.15	1.32	13.6	12.2
Colon (C18)							1.24	5.2	1.17	4.0
Pancreas (C25)	1.03	1.09	2.9	0.93	1.15	3.9	0.7	-	1.1	2.4	1.2	6	1.2	7	1.14	1.3	12.8	11.5
Breast (C50) (postmenopausal; aged 50 and more)	-	-	-	0.92	1.26	8.2	-	-	1.12	2.9	-	-	1.3	10	1.12	1.25	-	9.0
Corpus uteri(C54)	-	-	-	1.19	2.65	32.7	-	-	1.73	15.3	-	-	-	-	1.52	2.31	-	33.7
Kidney (C64)	1.28	1.46	16.0	1.53	1.40	18.7	1.66	13.2	1.55	12.0	2.0	25	2.0	26	1.31	1.72	25.0	22.2
Esophagus (C15) (adenocarcinoma)											3.0	40	2.6	36	1.55	2.4	26.9	11.2
Gallbladder (C23)											1.4	12	2.0	26	1.23	1.51	19.7	17.8
Prevalence (%)
Overweight	26.1 (28.5)*			27.5 (23.2)*			23.0**		24.7**		-		-			25∼52†	25∼41†
Obesity	1.4 (23.9)*			3.2 (26.8)*							33.3		35.3			17∼32†	14∼30†
% of all cancers			1.5			2.2		0.8		1.6		4.4€		7.5€		4.1	6.9

* Prevalence categorized for 25≤BMI<30, BMI≥30 from the 1996–1997 records of the National Health Insurance Cooperation; parenthesis represent each of 23≤BMI<25, BMI≥25 from 1992–1995 records of the National Health Insurance Cooperation, which were used for PAF calculation.

** Prevalence data for 1990 from pooled analysis of 6 prospective cohort studies, categorized BMI≥25 for overweight and obesity.

^†Range of prevalence by age groups in 2000–2001, data from the Nation Diet and Nutrition Survey (ages 19–64)/Health Survey for England (ages >65) [27].

^€PAF also includes contribution from cancers of endometrium, gastric cardia, liver, thyroid, and leukemia, myeloma, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.