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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Apr 10.

Published in final edited form as: Nature. 2013 Sep 5;501(7465):97–101. doi: 10.1038/nature12486

Change in performance across sessions on independent tests of cognition for each experimental group. For each test, a group × session ANOVA revealed a significant interaction (F(2,43)> 3.39, p< .04 d> .73), with follow-up analyses demonstrating improvement only for MTT (n= 15). a, Response time change for a delayed-recognition working memory (WM) task with the presence of distraction (n= 46 total). b, Response time change for a delayed-recognition WM task without distraction. c, Response time change for the TOVA (Test of Variables of Attention). d, Correlation between data from (a) and NeuroRacer multitasking cost improvement 1 month after training for the MTT group (n= 16). = p< .05 within group improvement from Pre to Post, *= p< .05 between groups, - - -= p= .08. Error bars represent s.e.m.

Inline graphic — Change in performance across sessions on independent tests of cognition for each experimental group. For each test, a group × session ANOVA revealed a significant interaction (F(2,43)> 3.39, p< .04 d> .73), with follow-up analyses demonstrating improvement only for MTT (n= 15). a, Response time change for a delayed-recognition working memory (WM) task with the presence of distraction (n= 46 total). b, Response time change for a delayed-recognition WM task without distraction. c, Response time change for the TOVA (Test of Variables of Attention). d, Correlation between data from (a) and NeuroRacer multitasking cost improvement 1 month after training for the MTT group (n= 16). = p< .05 within group improvement from Pre to Post, *= p< .05 between groups, - - -= p= .08. Error bars represent s.e.m.