Table 3.
Characteristics of the participants according to DDI tertile; Dietary Inflammatory Index Development and Testing Study, Columbia, SC, USA, 2011–2012
| DII for 24HR-derived data | DII for 7DDR-derived data | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tertile 1 | Tertile 2 | Tertile 3 | Tertile 1 | Tertile 2 | Tertile 3 | |||||||||
| (≤−0·66) | (−0·65 to (+)1·45) | (>1·46) | (≤0·08) | (0·081 to (+)1·94) | (>1·94) | |||||||||
| Characteristic | Mean or n | sd or % | Mean or n | sd or % | Mean or n | sd or % | P value* | Mean or n | sd or % | Mean or n | sd or % | Mean or n | sd or % | P value* |
| Age (years) | 49·1 | 11·2 | 49·0 | 12·3 | 47·2 | 11·7 | 0·13 | 48·3 | 12·0 | 48·8 | 12·0 | 49·0 | 12·1 | 0·30 |
| Current smoker (%) | 0·14 | 0·10 | ||||||||||||
| Yes | 48 | 16·3 | 16 | 16·2 | 22 | 21·6 | 31 | 15·1 | 28 | 16·0 | 36 | 20·1 | ||
| No | 246 | 83·7 | 83 | 83·8 | 80 | 78·4 | 174 | 84·9 | 147 | 84·0 | 143 | 79·9 | ||
| Serum hs-CRP (mg/l) | 1·5 | 1·6 | 1·7 | 1·9 | 2·0 | 2·0 | <0·0001 | 1·4 | 1·5 | 1·8 | 2·1 | 1·9 | 1·9 | <0·0001 |
| MET/d | 31·0 | 5·7 | 30·0 | 6·2 | 29·3 | 5·0 | <0·0001 | 30·6 | 6·0 | 29·6 | 5·0 | 30·2 | 6·0 | 0·19 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26·5 | 4·5 | 27·2 | 5·0 | 28·1 | 5·9 | <0·0001 | 26·7 | 5·0 | 27·2 | 4·9 | 27·6 | 5·5 | 0·002 |
| LDL-C (mg/dl) | 140·4 | 34·2 | 145·0 | 35·3 | 146·1 | 37·4 | 0·009 | 136·7 | 34·6 | 143·5 | 36·5 | 152·9 | 38·3 | <0·0001 |
| HDL-C (mg/dl) | 46·3 | 11·8 | 48·0 | 12·8 | 47·7 | 12·3 | 0·06 | 47·8 | 12·6 | 47·6 | 12·2 | 47·4 | 12·2 | 0·64 |
DII, Dietary Inflammatory Index; 24HR, 24 h diet recall interviews; 7DDR, 7 d diet recall; hs-CRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; MET, metabolic equivalents of task (a physiological measure expressing the energy cost of physical activities); LDL-C, LDL-cholesterol; HDL-C, HDL-cholesterol.
Data are presented as mean and standard deviation except for current smoker, which is presented as number and percentage.
*P value for trend across tertiles of DII.