Figure 3. Effects of cadmium on the endocytosis.

Control (A) and 10 µM cadmium-treated (B) pollen tubes were labeled with FM4-64, and time-lapse images were obtained using a Zeiss 5 live confocal microscope. In total, 9 control tubes and 15 cadmium-treated tubes were examined. No obvious individual differences were observed within control or cadmium-treated tubes, respectively. Images show that cadmium strongly inhibited endocytosis occuring at the tip of pollen tubes. Bars  = 10 µm.