Fig. 2.

Effect of apigenin administration on the progression of prostate cancer in TRAMP mice. Apigenin was administered at 20 and 50 μg/mouse/day (wt/vol) by gavage in 0.2 ml of a vehicle consisting of 0.5% methyl cellulose and 0.025% Tween 20 to TRAMP mice beginning at 8 weeks of age for 20 weeks till experiment was terminated. (A) TRAMP mice (control) exhibited adenocarcinoma with extensive epithelial stratification, crowded cribriform structures accompanied with marked thickening, remodeling and hypercellularity of the fibromuscular stroma. Apigenin administration to TRAMP mice resulted in a marked reduction in epithelial stratification and cribriform structures. Magnification, ×20 and ×40. (B) Distribution of pathologic findings after apigenin intake in the dorsolateral lobes of TRAMP mice. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides were evaluated by three independent scientists. Prostatic lobe was scored for percentage of each pathologic finding present in the dorsolateral lobe in TRAMP mice at 28 weeks of age. The scores of the evaluators were averaged as shown in the table. Pathologic findings: WD, well-differentiated cancer; MD, moderately differentiated cancer; PD, poorly differentiated cancer. Data in the table represent mean ± SD. Details are described in Materials and methods.