Table 2.
The types of somatic mitochondrial DNA mutations in human cancers n (%)
| Cancer | Cases | No. of cancers with mutation (%) | No. of mutations | Transitions | Transversions | Mono-/di-nucleotide repeat instability | Others | Ref. |
| Adult leukemia | 24 | 9 (37.5) | 9 | 9 (100.0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | [16] |
| Bladder cancer | 14 | 9 (64.3) | 20 | 14 (70.0) | 3 (15.0) | 1 (5.0) | 2 (10.0) | [17] |
| Breast cancer | 18 | 11 (61.1) | 12 | 6 (50.0) | 1 (8.3) | 5 (41.7) | 0 | [18] |
| 19 | 14 (73.7) | 27 | 22 (81.5) | 1 (3.7) | 4 (14.8) | 0 | [19] | |
| 15 | 14 (93.3) | 45 | 33 (73.3) | 7 (15.6) | 5 (11.1) | 0 | [20] | |
| 58 | 27 (46.6) | 40 | 20 (50.0) | 2 (5.0) | 17 (27.5) | 1 (2.5) | [21] | |
| Esophageal cancer | 20 | 11 (55.0) | 14 | 3 (21.4) | 1 (7.1) | 9 (64.3) | 1 (7.1) | [22] |
| Follicular thyroid cancer | 3 | 3 (100.0) | 4 | 3 (75.0) | 0 | 1 (25.0) | 0 | [23] |
| Gastric cancer | 31 | 20 (64.5) | 26 | 12 (46.2) | 0 | 12 (46.2) | 2 (7.7) | [15] |
| Head-and-neck cancer | 13 | 6 (46.2) | 9 | 7 (77.8) | 0 | 2 (22.2) | 0 | [17] |
| Hepatocellular cancer | 10 | 5 (50.0) | 24 | 15 (62.5) | 0 | 9 (37.5) | 0 | [24] |
| 44 | 23 (52.3) | 34 | 19 (55.9) | 0 | 13 (38.2) | 2 (5.9) | [25] | |
| Lung cancer | 14 | 6 (47.1) | 10 | 8 (80.0) | 1 (10.0) | 1 (10.0) | 0 | [17] |
| 55 | 33 (60.0) | 56 | 47 (83.9) | 1 (1.8) | 8 (14.3) | 0 | [26] | |
| Medulloblastoma | 15 | 6 (40.0) | 18 | 13 (72.2) | 0 | 5 (27.8) | 0 | [27] |
| Oncocytic head-and-neck tumor | 25 | 16 (64.0) | 18 | 13 (72.2) | 1 (5.6) | 1 (5.6) | 3 (16.7) | [28] |
| Oncocytic pituitary adenoma | 25 | 18 (72.0) | 20 | 10 (50.0) | 0 | 9 (45.0) | 1 (5.0) | [28] |
| Oncocytic thyroid tumor | 45 | 26 (57.8) | 30 | 22 (73.3) | 1 (3.3) | 5 (15.2) | 2 (6.7) | [29] |
| Oral cancer | 18 | 14 (77.8) | 26 | 12 (46.2) | 4 (15.4) | 8 (30.8) | 2 (14.3) | [30] |
| 300 | 240 (80.0) | 645 | 356 (55.2) | 20 (3.1) | 237 (36.7) | 32 (5.0) | [31] | |
| Ovarian cancer | 10 | 6 (60.0) | 15 | 10 (66.7) | 0 | 4 (26.7) | 1 (6.7) | [32] |
| Pancreatic cancer | 5 | 4 (80.0) | 4 | 3 (75.0) | 1 (25.0) | 0 | 0 | [33] |
| Papillary thyroid cancer | 7 | 3 (42.9) | 4 | 4 (100.0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | [23] |
| Parathyroid adenoma | 30 | 15 (50.0) | 27 | 18 (66.7) | 1 (3.7) | 6 (22.2) | 2 (7.4) | [34] |
| Renal cell cancer | 8 | 5 (62.5) | 6 | 2 (33.3) | 1 (16.7) | 1 (16.7) | 2 (33.3) | [35] |
| 9 | 7 (77.8) | 9 | 6 (66.7) | 0 | 3 (33.3) | 0 | [36] | |
| 15 | 7 (46.7) | 14 | 13 (92.9) | 1 (7.1) | 0 | 0 | [37] | |
| Renal oncocytomas | 9 | 9 (100.0) | 14 | 7 (50.0) | 2 (14.3) | 4 (28.6) | 1 (7.1) | [38] |
| Total | 859 | 567 (66.0) | 1180 | 707 (59.9) | 49 (4.2) | 370 (31.4) | 54 (4.6) |