Table 1.

Recommendations for Ranges of Mineral Metabolism Parameters in CKD

	CKD Stage 3	CKD Stage 4	CKD Stage 5D
Phosphorus	Maintain in “normal” range (2C)	Maintain in “normal” range (2C)	Lower towards the normal range (2C)
Calcium	Maintain in “normal” range (2C)	Maintain in “normal” range (2C)	Maintain in “normal” range (2C)
Intact PTH	Ideal level unknown	Ideal level unknown	Maintain within >2 and <9x the upper limit of normal (if there is a trend changing within that range, adjust prescription) (2C)

Note: Grades are given in brackets (number refers to strength of recommendation, where level 1 is strong and level 2 is weak; letter refers to quality of evidence, where A is high, B is moderate, C is low and D is very low).

Based on the KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for the Diagnosis, Evaluation, Prevention, and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder (Kidney Int 2009;76(suppl 113)).

Abbreviations: PTH, parathyroid hormone; CKD stage 5D, dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease stage 5; CKD, chronic kidney disease; KDIGO, Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes.