Exhibit 3. Birth Outcomes Among Singleton Births by Timing of Medicaid Insurance.
| Birth weight in grams | Gestational age weeks | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group 1: Enrolled in Medicaid before pregnancy (n=57,283) | Group 2: Entered Medicaid during pregnancy (n=113,464) | Group 3: Enrolled in Medicaid either before or during pregnancy1 (n=165,686) | Group 1: Enrolled in Medicaid before pregnancy (n=52,372) | Group 2: Entered Medicaid during pregnancy (n=104,211) | Group 3: Enrolled in Medicaid either before or during pregnancy1 (n=151,938) | |
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| Living in a state with Medicaid cessation coverage of: NRT, medication and counseling | 10.177 (11.739) | 16.198 (12.958) | 12.357* (7.507) | 0.018 (0.050) | 0.086** (0.042) | 0.063** (0.028) |
| Living in a state with Medicaid cessation coverage of: NRT and medication but no counseling | 24.325 (24.638) | 19.171 (13.029) | 22.672 (14.091) | 0.123 (0.076) | 0.036 (0.039) | 0.057* (0.032) |
| Living in a state with ‘some’ Medicaid cessation coverage2 | 9.602 (18.403) | 9.341 (6.550) | 11.929 (7.680) | 0.096 (0.074) | 0.087** (0.036) | 0.090** (0.037) |
| Real cigarette price in state in $3 | 40.662* (22.700) | 13.320 (9.794) | 20.255* (10.708) | -0.060 (0.117) | 0.100** (0.033) | 0.086** (0.032) |
| Living in a state with smoking ban in all restaurants | 14.757 (11.385) | 7.663 (10.083) | 10.995 (8.420) | 0.090* (0.049) | 0.020 (0.037) | 0.031 (0.031) |
NOTES: NRT = Nicotine Replacement Therapy. Weighted Ordinary Least Squares models. Coefficients shown with standard errors, clustered by state, in parentheses. Models also include all variables shown in Exhibit 1, including the pregnancy related variables, current time indicators, and state fixed effects.
indicates P<.10
indicates P<.05
Group 3 does not equal the sum of Groups 1 and 2, because some women enrolled in Medicaid before pregnancy do not remain in Medicaid during their pregnancy or delivery period or because data on smoking is missing during the prenatal or delivery period.
State has some form of coverage, including states with some form of coverage of NRT, medications, and counseling, but not already represented in categories 1 or 2.
Prices are adjusted for inflation to a base year of 2008.