Fig. 1.

Schematic representation of potential pathways linking maternal diabetes in pregnancy with long- term offspring greater adiposity, adverse cardiometabolic health and lower cognitive ability. The figure is illustrative of the focus of this article and does not aim to show all possible relationships between the characteristics that are depicted. Pathways specific to offspring adiposity and cardiometabolic health are given in italics and pathways specific to cognitive ability in bold with common pathways in standard font. Adapted from Lawlor DA. The Society for Social Medicine John Pemberton lecture 2011. Developmental overnutrition—an old hypothesis with new importance? Int J Epidemiol. 2013;42:7–29 [14•]; and Fraser A, Almqvist C, Larsson H, Långström N, Lawlor D. Maternal diabetes in pregnancy and offspring cognitive ability: sibling study with 723,775 men from 579,857 families. Diabetologia. 2013;1–8 [47], which is published under the CC-BY license.)