Time-resolved anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) GABA/Cr + PCr changes in isolated and group-housed rats in response to 25-mg/kg ketamine injection (A) and in response to saline (B). Time-resolved ACC Gln/Cr + PCr concentrations in isolated and group-housed rats in response to 25-mg/kg ketamine injection (C) and in response to saline (D). Time-resolved ACC GABA/Gln changes in isolated and group-housed rats in response to 25-mg/kg ketamine injection (E) and in response to saline (F). No significant changes were visible after saline injection. The asterisks indicate significant difference between the isolates and not-isolates (*P < .05, **P < .01, ***P < .001); All data are mean ± SD in both groups. The following short names are used to identify the time course points: baseline, BAS (−20 to 0 min), ketamine 1, KET1 (0–10min), KET2 (2.5–12.5min), KET3 (5–15min), KET4 (7.5–17.5min), KET5 (10–20min), KET6 (12.5–22.5min), KET7 (15–25min), KET8 (17.5–27.5min), and KET9 (20–30min). The saline (SAL) time points will follow the same timing: SAL1 (0–10min), SAL2 (2.5–12.5min), SAL3 (5–15min), SAL4 (7.5–17.5min), and SAL5 (10–20 min).