Table 4.

Efficacy and safety of insulin lispro in pregnancy

Author	Type of study	n	Type of diabetes	Type of insulin	Results
Colatrella et al. [26]	Retrospective	89	T1DM and GDM	Lispro protamine versus NPH	Pregnancy outcome was similar, except for a lower insulin requirement.
Durnwald et al. [25]	Prospective	107	T1DM and T2DM	Lispro versus regular	Improved glycemic control and lower total insulin requirements. Perinatal outcomes similar between women treated with both types of insulin.
Cypryk et al. [27]	Retrospective	71	T1DM	Lispro versus regular	Comparable course of pregnancy and the perinatal outcome
Persson et al. [28]	RCT	33	T1DM	Lispro versus regular	Reduced postprandial glycemia after breakfast and slightly higher rate of hypoglycemia
Batthacharyya et al. [29]	Retrospective	157	GDM	Lispro versus regular	Significant decrease in HbA1c levels and greater satisfaction
Jovanovic et al. [30]	RCT	42	GDM	Lispro versus regular	Less hypoglycemic episodes before breakfast; less postprandial hyperglycemia; more reduction in HbA1c levels at the 3rd trimester