Table 1.

Phytochemical composition of aqueous extract of Cymbopogon citratus.

Number	Compound	Extract		Reported application	Reference
		Ew	E50
		%	%
1	Hydroquinone	0.8	ND	Treatment of melasma	[13]
2	Nerolidol	24	ND	Anticancer	[14]
3	β-Elemene	42	ND	Anticancer	[15]
4	β-Eudesmol	12	ND	Anticancer	[16]
5	Myrtenal	4	0.6	(i) Inhibits Alzheimer's acetylcholinesterase (ii) Anticancer (iii) Insect repellent	[17] [18] [19]
6	Piperitone	2.1	4.5	Antimicrobial	[20] [21]
7	Nonadiyne	ND	0.6	Inhibits the release of endogenous nitric oxide	[22]
8	α-Cubebene	ND	0.5	Cytotoxic and antimicrobial	[23]
9	α-Copaene	ND	0.3	Antidiabetic	[24]
10	L-calamenene	ND	0.2	Anticancer	[25]
11	Elemol	ND	41	Antimosquitoes	[26]
12	Humulene	ND	4	Anti-inflammatory and inhibits the generation of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 β (IL1β)	[27]
13	Caryophyllene	ND	0.9	Antiulcerogenic and anti-inflammatory	[28]
14	Cubenol	ND	2	Cytotoxic effect	[29]
15	Cubebol	ND	4.7	Mosquito larvicidal activity	[30]
16	Carvone	0.7	2	Sprout suppression and antifungal activity in potato	[31]
17	β-Eudesmol	ND	45	Antimutagenic Antiangiogenic	[32] [33]
18	Nonanenitrile	ND	0.9	Antipancreatitis and antiulcerogenic	[34]

*ND: not detected.