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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Dev Biol. 2014 Feb 24;389(1):13–27. doi: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2014.02.011

Figure 3. Signaling pathways regulating placode formation.

Figure 3

Diagram illustrating the signaling pathways involved in the specification of the PPR, and the subsequent step-wise induction of sensory placodes with distinct identities. The arrows indicate whether a signaling pathway is activated (↑) or inhibited (↓). BMP, bone morphogenetic protein; FGF, fibroblast growth factor; NOC, nociceptin; PDGF, platelet derived growth factor; RA, retinoic acid; SHH, sonic hedgehog; STT, somatostatin. Anterior is to the left and posterior to the right.