Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients [mean (SD)] divided by survival to >5 years.
| Variables | Dead (n = 959) | Alive (n = 708) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 74.1 (8.9) | 67.9 (10.6) | <0.0001 |
| Males (%) | 73 | 75 | 0.184 |
| BMI (kg·m−2) | 27.7 (5.7) | 28.9 (5.6) | <0.0001 |
| NYHA class | <0.0001 | ||
| I/II | 36 | 64 | |
| III/IV | 58 | 42 | |
| LVEF (%) | 33 (10) | 36 (9) | <0.0001 |
| FEV1/FVC (%) | 66 (16) | 70 (16) | <0.0001 |
| Resting HR (beats·min−1) | 76 (18) | 74 (20) | 0.165 |
| Resting systolic BP (mmHg) | 132 (26) | 133 (24) | 0.158 |
| Resting diastolic BP (mmHg) | 74 (14) | 78 (14) | <0.0001 |
| QRS duration (ms) | 121 (32) | 112 (29) | <0.0001 |
| Haemoglobin (g·dL−1) | 13.0 (1.7) | 13.9 (1.5) | <0.0001 |
| Log NT pro-BNP* | 7.7 (1.2) | 6.7 (1.3) | <0.0001 |
| Sodium (mmol·L−1) | 139 (4) | 139 (3) | 0.652 |
| Potassium (mmol·L−1) | 4.4 (0.5) | 4.4 (0.5) | 0.777 |
| Urea (mmol·L−1) | 9.3 (4.7) | 7.1 (3.6) | <0.0001 |
| Creatinine (u·moL−1) | 130 (51) | 110 (55) | <0.0001 |
| Diuretic (%) | 83 | 84 | 0.760 |
| ACE-inhibitor (%) | 78 | 77 | 0.348 |
| Beta-blocker (%) | 73 | 69 | 0.322 |
| Spironolactone (%) | 22 | 20 | 0.202 |
| 6-MWT (m) | 163 (153) | 269 (160) | <0.0001 |
NYHA: New York Heart Association; BMI: body mass index; LVI: left ventricular impairment; LVEF*: left ventricular ejection fraction available in 67% of patients; 6-MWT: 6-min walk test; BP: blood pressure; log NT pro-BNP (pg·mL−1)* available in 92% of patients.