Table 4.
Detailed characteristics of studies on preventing ME with their most frequent findings
| Findings | Preventing Medication Errors | Study Design and/ or Measurement Tool | Sample Size | Unit of Observation | Author(s) / Year | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 91.2% 60.5% 50.1% 75.6% 6.6% 27.6% |
Before educational intervention
Patient training Assessment before prescription Length of injection After educational intervention Patient training Assessment before prescription Length of injection |
Non randomized clinical trial | 603 | IV administration by nurses | Sharifi N, et al. 2012 (27) |
1 |
|
7.28
a
0.717b 0.656b 0.6b |
Launching an electronic prescription system, proper medication labeling and packaging from pharmacy
Providing access to list of automatic stop orders medications in wards Providing access to pharmacology textbooks in wards Registration of drug history on admission by physicians |
Cross-sectional; Self-report survey (Questionnaire) |
396 | Hospital officials (12 person team) |
Nasiripour AA, et al. 2011(28) | 2 |
| 40% 40% 35% |
Increasing duration of theoretical education for pharmacology course Adapting educational objectives to practical requirements of students in pharmacology Promoting case methods for drug administration instead of functional methods |
Cross-sectional; Self-report survey (Questionnaire) |
22 | Nurse instructors | Baghcheghi N, et al. 2010(14) |
3 |
| 52% 33% 1% 1% 41% 22% 25% 20% |
Prescription errors
Before intervention After CPOE + CDSS Transcription errors Before intervention After CPOE + CDSS Medication errors Dose errors Before intervention After CPOE + CDSS Frequency errors Before intervention After CPOE + CDSS |
Before-after interventional study | 248 5657 |
Patients Physicians Order |
Kazemi A, et al. 2009(29) |
4 |
| 98.8% 96.5% 69.8% |
Increasing number of staff proportional to patient load Training personnel Giving information on new drugs |
Cross-sectional; Self-report survey (Questionnaire) |
86 | Nurses | Ghasemi F, et al. 2009 (17) | 5 |
CPOE: Computerized Physician Orders Entry; CDSS: Clinical Decision Support System
a Percentage of variance in preventing nursing practice from factor analysis, b factor loadings