Table III.

Cytokine and caffeine concentrations in peripheral blood and tracheal aspirates

Cytokine levels	4 hours before caffeine (load)		24 hours after caffeine (load)		1 week on caffeine*
Median pg/mL (IQR) n=26	PB	TA†	PB	TA†	PB
Pro-inflammatory
IL-1β	0.01 (0.01-0.21)	81.45 (28.15-146.40)	0.01(0.01-0.12)	124.96 (11.88-329.01)	0.60 (0.11-1.2)
IL-6	8.34 (4.27-32.15)	3940.39 (1706.4-8092.41)	8.89 (3.54-33.49)	3945.45 (2236.11-6414.15)	21.6 (12.23-42.12)
IL-8	33.41 (12.89-60.61)	17828.97 (6103.4-34398.42)	37.26 (16.87-73.31)	22368.59 (7257.66-33360.14)	31.58 (19.47-54.39)
IL-12p70	0.94 (0.1-2.32)	161.20 (53.76-372.45)	1.17 (0.65-3.27)	78.41 (38.52-200.34)	3.83 (1.74-11.07)
TNF-α	18.15 (9.88-26.42)	63.37 (38.16-200.04)	20.64 (12.55-30.29)	85.64 (22.74-188.82)	27.31 (16.36-32.47)
Anti-inflammatory
IL-10	44.76 (41.20-75.91)	483.17 (156.53-1082.59)	40.33 (34.11-60.05)	156.36 (92.60-547.97)	66.21 (52.0-116.57)
Caffeine level (μg/mL)	0.1 (0-0.28)	–	11.1 (10.35-12.2)	–	16.4 (10.5-19.2)

^*Tracheal aspirate not available at this study point.

^†Adjusted for dilution with BUN method.