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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Apr 14.
Published in final edited form as: Pediatr Emerg Care. 2013 Jan;29(1):8–12. doi: 10.1097/PEC.0b013e31827b214b

Table 2.

Comparison of Median VAS (25,75 IQR) between Subject, Investigator, and Video Reviewers

Painease®
n=49
Ice
n=45
p value

Subject VAS-S
  Baseline 35 (2, 69) 22 (0, 62) p=0.18
  Treatment 4 (1, 19) 15 (2, 32) p=0.13
  IV Placement 9 (2, 24) 13 (3, 42) p=0.08

Investigator VAS-I
  Baseline 4 (2, 11) 3 (0, 5) p=0.0398
  Treatment 1 (0, 3) 3 (0, 11) p=0.0477
  IV Placement 2 (0, 7) 4 (2, 16) p=0.0086

Video Reviewers *
  IV Placement 0.5 (0, 7) 2 (0, 6.5) p=0.25

Subject Δ VAS-S
  Δ Treatment - Baseline −20 (−60, 1) 0 (−28, 10) p=0.0356
  Δ IV - Baseline −20 (−56, 0) 0 (−38, 19) p=0.0127
  Δ IV - Baseline 0 (−8, 9) 2 (−11, 12) p=0.77
*

For video reviewers Painease® n=34, Ice n=32