Table 3. Differences in insomnia scores and other sleep parameters according to depressive status⁺ before and after delivery among 2088 women.

	Not depressed+ pre or postpartum	New onset postpartum	Recovered postpartum	Depressed+ both pre and post
	n = 1657	n = 162	n = 153	n = 116
	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)
BIS, sum score
3rd trimester	15.8 (9.9)	18.9 (9.9)** a	22.7 (10.1)** a	26.2 (10.0)** b, * c
Postpartum	14.0 (8.3)	22.1 (9.2)** a	17.8 (8.7)** a	23.8 (8.2)** c
Sleep duration (h:mm)
3rd trimester	7:22 (1:24)	7:22 (1:18)	7:11 (1:54)	6:50 (1:36)* b
Postpartum	6:36 (1:18)	5:52 (1:18)** a	6:32 (1:30)	5:56 (1:30)* c
Baby wake time	1:50 (1:08)	2:23 (1:15)** a, c	1:50 (1:04)	2:15 (1:23)* a, c
Difference mum/baby	0:26	0:19	0:24	0:25
Sleep efficiency
3rd trimester	84.8% (13.3)	84.2% (13.6)	79.3% (17.5)** a	78.6% (15.9)* b
Postpartum	75.5% (13.3)	70.6% (15.5)** a	75.3% (14.1)	70.8% (17.4)* c

⁺Depression was defined by EPDS (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale) score ≥10.

BIS - Bergen insomnia Scale SD: Standard Deviation.

h:mm - hour: minutes.

**p<.001.

*p<.01.

a- difference from women with no depression before or after delivery.

b- difference from women with new onset depression postpartum.

c- difference from women who recovered from depression in pregnancy.