Table 3.
Adipose tissue-derived mediators controlling vascular tonea.
| Vasodilators |
| Nitric oxide (NO), adipocyte-derived relaxing factor, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), adiponectin, cardiac natriuretic peptide, adrenomedullin, visfatin, omentin |
| Vasoconstrictors |
| Superoxide anion, angiotensin II, endothelin-1, tumor necrosis factor-α |
aAll components of renin–angiotensin system are also expressed in periadventitial adipose tissue, suggesting their paracrine involvement in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and hypertension (37, 87). Whether adipose-derived contractile mediators may contribute to the so-called “adventitial shrinkage” due to myofibroblast contraction in postangioplasty coronary restenosis (59), remains to be studied. For other mediators see Ref. (109–118).