Table 3.

Path Coefficients of Baseline Model and the Values of Wald Test

Path		Group	Unstandardized estimate	Standardized estimate	Wald test
From	To				χ2D(1)
ACTH	Cortisol	FRG	0.448 ± 0.096***	0.556 ± 0.099***	0.056
		Placebo	0.413 ± 0.114***	0.479 ± 0.116***
TSH	T3	FRG	0.537 ± 0.202 ***	0.475 ± 0.168***	2.566
		Placebo	0.135 ± 0.119	0.217 ± 0.194
FSH	LH	FRG	0.610 ± 0.216***	0.506 ± 0.135***	0.712
		Placebo	0.920 ± 0.269***	0.600 ± 0.128***
FSH	Estradiol	FRG	−0.473 ± 0.309	−0.311 ± 0.195	0.091
		Placebo	−0.328 ± 0.498	−0.252 ± 0.359
LH	Estradiol	FRG	−0.208 ± 0.243	−0.160 ± 0.184	0.631
		Placebo	0.102 ± 0.255	0.125 ± 0.271
Insulin	FFA	FRG	−0.347 ± 0.114***	−0.338 ± 0.101***	2.644
		Placebo	−0.007 ± 0.158	−0.007 ± 0.132
Cortisol	FFA	FRG	−0.253 ± 0.144*	−0.250 ± 0.140*	10.133***
		Placebo	0.457 ± 0.152***	0.386 ± 0.127***
Estradiol	FFA	FRG	0.865 ± 0.153***	0.701 ± 0.106***	0.095
		Placebo	0.795 ± 0.165***	0.667 ± 0.107***
GH	FFA	FRG	−0.347 ± 0.186**	−0.298 ± 0.141**	3.304*
		Placebo	0.144 ± 0.234	0.088 ± 0.140
ACTH	FFA	FRG	0.068 ± 0.111	0.085 ± 0.139	0.452
		Placebo	0.181 ± 0.128	0.177 ± 0.125
T3	FFA	FRG	0.056 ± 0.291	−0.032 ± 0.178	0.188
		Placebo	0.086 ± 0.273	0.037 ± 0.114
DHEAS	FFA	FRG	0.296 ± 0.108***	0.240 ± 0.097**	2.287
		Placebo	−0.016 ± 0.160	−0.016 ± 0.128
TSH	FFA	FRG	−0.370 ± 0.282	−0.206 ± 0.165	3.147*
		Placebo	0.196 ± 0.241	0.132 ± 0.168
Brachial Pulse rate	FFA	FRG	0.677 ± 0.199***	0.462 ± 0.110***	5.152*
		Placebo	0.107 ± 0.168	0.071 ± 0.111
SMC of FFA		FRG		0.760***
		Placebo		0.733***

* p < 0.1.

** p < 0.05.

*** p < 0.01.

ACTH, adrenocorticotropic hormone; DHEAS, Dehydroepiandrosterone; FFA, free fatty acid; FRG, fermented red ginseng; FSH, follicle stimulating hormone; GH, growth hormone; LH, luteinizing hormone; SMC, squared multiple correlations (${\text{R}}_{\text{smc}}^2$); T3, tri-iodothyronine; TSH, thyroid-stimulating hormone.