Table 4.
Association between levels of antibodies (two-fold increment) at 10.5 months of age and the incidence of malaria up to 24 months of age
| |
|
10.5-24 months |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Antigens |
Antibodies |
Crude |
Adjusted |
||||
| IRR 1 | 95% CI | P value 2 | IRR | 95% CI | P value | ||
| MSP-119 |
IgG |
1.26 |
1.03; 1.55 |
0.0269 |
1.15 |
0.94; 1.40 |
0.1710 |
| IgG1 |
1.23 |
1.01; 1.49 |
0.0385 |
1.13 |
0.94; 1.36 |
0.2081 |
|
| IgG2 |
0.82 |
0.45; 1.49 |
0.5226 |
0.76 |
0.45; 1.27 |
0.2968 |
|
| IgG3 |
1.19 |
0.77; 1.82 |
0.4235 |
0.94 |
0.63; 1.39 |
0.7423 |
|
| IgG4 |
1.35 |
0.75; 2.42 |
0.3096 |
1.27 |
0.69; 2.33 |
0.4361 |
|
| IgM |
0.98 |
0.65; 1.49 |
0.9419 |
1.01 |
0.70; 1.45 |
0.9654 |
|
| AMA-1 |
IgG |
1.86 |
1.37; 2.53 |
< 0.0001 |
1.31 |
1.00; 1.72 |
0.0533 |
| IgG1 |
1.68 |
1.26; 2.25 |
0.0002 |
1.21 |
0.94; 1.57 |
0.1366 |
|
| IgG2 |
1.12 |
0.57; 2.23 |
0.7446 |
0.98 |
0.57; 1.67 |
0.9354 |
|
| IgG3 |
1.06 |
0.71; 1.59 |
0.7446 |
0.98 |
0.71; 1.33 |
0.8743 |
|
| IgG4 |
2.78 |
1.13; 6.81 |
0.0261 |
1.85 |
0.83; 4.14 |
0.1360 |
|
| IgM |
1.65 |
0.94; 2.87 |
0.0811 |
2.08 |
1.26; 3.45 |
0.0037 |
|
| EBA-175 |
IgG |
0.73 |
0.50; 1.09 |
0.1235 |
0.67 |
0.47; 0.94 |
0.0178 |
| IgG1 |
0.75 |
0.50; 1.13 |
0.1735 |
0.75 |
0.54; 1.04 |
0.0874 |
|
| IgG2 |
0.74 |
0.50; 1.09 |
0.1124 |
0.69 |
0.50; 0.90 |
0.0239 |
|
| IgG3 |
0.90 |
0.58; 1.40 |
0.6580 |
0.80 |
0.55; 1.17 |
0.2469 |
|
| IgG4 |
0.89 |
0.56; 1.41 |
0.6152 |
0.75 |
0.49; 1.14 |
0.1741 |
|
| IgM |
1.12 |
0.72; 1.74 |
0.6113 |
1.48 |
1.02; 2.14 |
0.0358 |
|
| VSA | IgG | 1.02 | 0.76; 1.36 | 0.8827 | 0.92 | 0.68; 1.24 | 0.5864 |
Analysis done by negative binomial regression models adjusted by treatment, season, neighbourhood, current infection, previous infection, maternal infection, congenital infection, placental inflammation, insecticide-treated bed net use, and indoor residual spraying.
1Incidence rate ratio.
2Negative binomial regression model using likelihood ratio test.