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J-V characteristics of the prepared inverted OPVs. Current density-voltage characteristics (a). External quantum efficiency of inverted OPVs with LZO as a cathode buffer layer (b). The evolution of EQE curves of LZO for three concentrations as a function of wavelength (c) 2 wt.%, (d) 10 wt.%, and (e) 30 wt.%.
