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. 2014 Apr 15;127(8):1779–1791. doi: 10.1242/jcs.139014

Fig. 7.

Fig. 7.

α-Catenin modulates cadherin-mediated traction forces. (A) Root mean square (RMS) traction forces (Pa) exerted by MDCK KD and MDCK Rescued cells on soft (1 kPa) and rigid (34 kPa) hydrogels with covalently immobilized and oriented E-cad-Fc. For each condition, n≥4; *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001. Error bars represent s.e.m. (B) Representative traction force maps of MDCK KD and MDCK Rescued cells on soft and rigid hydrogels. (C) RMS traction forces exerted by R2/7, R2/7 ΔVBS, R2/7 Rescued and DLD-1 cells on soft (1 kPa), semi-rigid (9 kPa) and rigid (34 kPa) hydrogels with covalently bound E-cad-Fc. All measurements were done in the presence of integrin-blocking antibodies. For each condition, n≥10. Representative traction force maps are in supplementary material Fig. S4. (D) RMS traction forces exerted by MDCK Rescued and MDCK KD cells on 34-kPa gels coated with E-cad-Fc, after treatment with blebbistatin or cytochalasin D (Cyto D). For each condition, n≥5; *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001. All error bars represent s.e.m. (E) Immunofluorescence images of paxillin and F-actin at the basal plane of R2/7 and R2/7 Rescued cells on 34 kPa gels modified with E-cad-Fc. Scale bars: 10 µm.