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. 2014 Apr 15;4:4688. doi: 10.1038/srep04688

Figure 1. Antiviral effects of several retinoids and their effects on cell growth.

Figure 1

(A) Schematic representation of the GLuc-containing HCV genome. (B) Huh-7.5 cells were transfected with H77S.3/GLuc2A RNA, and 48 h later, 0.5% DMSO or Peretinoin was added at concentrations ranging from 1 to 100 μM. Fresh medium containing Peretinoin was added every 24 h, and 72 h after adding Peretinoin, secreted GLuc activity was measured. The GLuc activity from Peretinoin-treated cells was normalised to that with DMSO treatment. Data show the mean inhibition to DMSO treatment in each concentration of Peretinoin ± SD from 3 independent experiments. (C) Huh-7.5 cells were transfected with H77S.3/GLuc2A, N.2/GLuc2A, HJ3-5/GLuc2A, and JFH1/GLuc2A RNAs, and 48 h later, 0.5% DMSO or Peretinoin was added at the indicated concentrations. The medium was collected and replaced with fresh medium every 24 h until 72 h. GLuc activity was determined at each time point. The results shown represent the mean GLuc activity ± SD from 3 different plates. (D) Schematic representation of the bicistronic sub-genomic HCV RNA (E) Huh-7.5 cells were transfected with bicistronic sub-genomic RNA. At 48 h later, the transfected cells were treated with the indicated concentrations of Peretinoin for 72 h. Quantification of HCV RNA and 18S rRNA levels was performed and relative HCV RNA abundance normalised to the amount of 18S rRNA is presented as fold change ± SD compared to DMSO-treated cells from 3 independent experiments. (F) Huh-7.5 cells were transfected with H77S.3/GLuc2A RNA, and 7 days later, HCV (H77S.3/GLuc2A)-replicating Huh-7.5 cells, depicted as ‘HCV+', were treated with the indicated concentrations of Peretinoin and HCV-non-replicating Huh-7.5 cells, depicted as ‘HCV-', were also treated in a same way. At 72 h after Peretinoin treatment, cell numbers were determined by using a Cell Counting Kit-8. Data represent relative cell numbers ± SD from 3 independent experiments to DMSO-treated cells. EMCV, Encephalomyocarditis virus; NeoR, Neomycin resistance gene; NT, no treatment.