Table 1.
Demographic, clinical, health status, health-related quality of life and global quality of life variables for all participants, i.e., respondents and non-respondents to item 15 on the 15D questionnaire
| All (n = 407) | Respondents (n = 306) | Non-respondents (n = 101) | p-values | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Demograhpic |
|
|
|
|
| Age (years) |
67 (8) |
65 (9) |
73 (9) |
<0.001 |
| Age groups (years) |
|
|
|
|
| 50-59 |
121 (30%) |
106 (35%) |
15 (15%) |
<0.001 |
| 60-69 |
131 (32%) |
111 (36%) |
20 (20%) |
|
| 70-79 |
122 (30%) |
78 (25%) |
44 (43%) |
|
| 80- |
33 (8%) |
11 (3%) |
22 (22%) |
|
| Women |
353 (87%) |
256 (84%) |
97 (96%) |
<0.001 |
| Weight (kg) |
72.0 (13.7) |
73.3 (13.6) |
68.3 (13.3) |
0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) |
26.1 (4.3) |
26.2 (4.3) |
25.6 (4.4) |
0.235 |
| Menopause age (years) |
49.3 (4.2) |
49.2 (4.4) |
49.5 (3.8) |
0.522 |
| Higher education (>13 years) |
103 (25%) |
90 (31%) |
13 (13%) |
0.001 |
| Married/cohabiting |
247 (61%) |
215 (71%) |
32 (32%) |
<0.001 |
| Regular exercise* |
303 (75%) |
237 (78%) |
66 (66%) |
0.022 |
| Currently smoking |
59 (15%) |
48 (16%) |
11 (11%) |
0.231 |
|
Co-morbidity |
|
|
|
|
| Mean total score for co-morbidity (range 0–6) |
0.9 (0.9) |
0.8 (0.9) |
1.2 (1.1) |
<0.001 |
|
Clinical status |
|
|
|
|
| Osteoporoses** |
97 (24%) |
58 (19%) |
39 (39%) |
<0.001 |
| ≥1 fall in the previous year |
142 (35%) |
101 (39%) |
41 (47%) |
0.191 |
| Previous fracture |
194 (47%) |
140 (46%) |
54 (54%) |
0.299 |
|
Health status |
|
|
|
|
| Mean MHAQ*** |
1.05 (0.20) |
1.04 (0.17) |
1.09 (0.26) |
0.015 |
|
Health related quality of life |
|
|
|
|
| SF-36- PCS**** |
51 (9) |
52 (9) |
49 (10) |
0.001 |
| SF-36-MCS**** |
51 (9) |
51 (9) |
49 (11) |
0.112 |
|
Global quality of life |
|
|
|
|
| QOLS***** | 95 (10) | 96 (9) | 93 (12) | 0.042 |
*= more than 30 min three times each week.
**Osteoporosis at total hip and/or spine L2–L4.
***The MHAQ score ranges from 1 to 4 where 1 indicates a higher perception of the ability to perform daily living activities.
****The score for SF-36 ranges from 0 to 100 where 100 indicates a high HRQOL.
*****The QOLS score ranges from 16 to 112 where 112 indicates a high GQOL.
PCS = physical component summary, MCS = mental component summary, MHAQ = Modified Health Assessment Questionnaire, QOLS = quality of life scale.
Continuous variables are expressed as the mean and with standard deviation (SD) in brackets while categorical variables are expressed as numbers and percentage (%) in brackets. In the group comparisons, independent samples t-tests were used for continuous variables and chi-squared tests were used for categorical variables.