Table 1.
Demographic and baseline neuropsychological test performances and between-group differences.
| Young Controls (n=25) | Older Controls (n=34) | MCI (n=32) | One-way ANOVAs | Post-hoc Bonferroni p-values | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M(SD) | M(SD) | M(SD) | F 2,88 | p-value | Young vs. Older | Young vs. MCI | Older vs. aMCI | |
| Age (years) | 20.52 (2.40) | 68.12 (8.19) | 71.41 (9.55) | 374.25 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.256 |
| Education (years) | 14.40 (1.53) | 16.31 (2.44) | 16.84 (2.69) | 8.29 | 0.001 | 0.01 | 0.001 | 1.0 |
| WTAR (Standard score) | ||||||||
| Predicted VIQ | 113.12 (8.34) | 111.41 (8.65) | 111.94 (8.89) | 0.29 | 0.752 | |||
| Predicted PIQ | 109.56 (6.54) | 108.88 (6.99) | 108.97 (6.64) | 0.09 | 0.918 | |||
| Predicted FSIQ | 112.36 (8.78) | 111.06 (9.12) | 111.78 (8.90) | 0.16 | 0.856 | |||
| MMSE (raw score) | 29.36 (1.25) | 29.56 (0.66) | 27.09 (2.37) | 22.92 | <0.001 | 1.0 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| RBANS Indices (Std. score) | ||||||||
| Total | 105.36 (8.49) | 104.56 (11.71) | 83.66 (13.83) | 33.85 | <0.001 | 1.0 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Immediate Memory | 104.64 (13.19) | 103.32 (12.69) | 82.5 (16.94) | 22.75 | <0.001 | 1.0 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Visuospatial/Constructional | 104.68 (10.28) | 103.59 (13.29) | 93.09 (16.65) | 6.5 | 0.002 | 1.0 | 0.007 | 0.01 |
| Language | 99.36 (11.73) | 102.74 (11.71) | 91.69 (9.53) | 8.61 | <0.001 | 0.741 | 0.032 | <0.001 |
| Attention | 112.12 (14.37) | 103.47 (15.68) | 94.41 (17.27) | 8.76 | <0.001 | 0.127 | <0.001 | 0.069 |
| Delayed Memory | 100.88 (10.20) | 103.82 (10.17) | 75.41 (20.30) | 36.38 | <0.001 | 1.0 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Trails A (T-score) | 54.16 (10.52) | 50.35 (8.92) | 43.34 (11.16) | 8.43 | <0.001 | 0.479 | <0.001 | 0.019 |
| Trails B (T-score) | 53.56 (10.24) | 52.44 (8.37) | 43.88 (11.90) | 8.18 | 0.001 | 1.0 | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Trails B/A ratio (raw scores) | 2.54 (0.78) | 2.45 (0.85) | 2.66 (1.07) | 0.44 | 0.643 | |||
| WMS/KBNA (% Accuracy) | F2,86 | |||||||
| Automatized Accuracy | 97.92 (6.26) | 98.50 (3.58) | 95.70 (18.14) | 0.53 | 0.590 | |||
| Nonautomatized Accuracy | 94.92 (7.74) | 88.31 (10.79) | 84.22 (21.04) | 3.73 | 0.028 | 0.263 | 0.024 | 0.792 |
| EWCST (raw score) | F2,85 | |||||||
| # Sorts | 5.96 (0.54) | 5.00 (0.95) | 3.47 (1.93) | 26.24 | <0.001 | 0.021 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| % Perseverative Errors | 6.16 (11.31) | 12.61 (11.26) | 23.71 (19.11) | 10.56 | <0.001 | 0.287 | <0.001 | 0.009 |
| # Set Loss Errors | 0.32 (0.56) | 1.00 (1.15) | 1.53 (1.72) | 6.33 | 0.003 | 0.135 | 0.002 | 0.291 |
MMSE = mini-mental state exam; RBANS = Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsycho logical Status (Standard Scores provided); WMS/KBNA = Boston Revision of the Wechsler Memory Scale Mental Control subtest; EWCST = Emory Short form of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test.