Table 3.
Confirmatory factor analysis of the DREEM by subscale
| Subscale | Item |
Unstandardized factor loading |
Standardized factor loading |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Factor loading | Standard error | t-value | Factor loading | Standard error | t-value | ||
|
Students’ perceptions of learning
| |||||||
| |
Q1 |
0.6239 |
0.1474 |
4.2320 |
0.3057 |
0.0636 |
4.8073 |
| Q7 |
1.4925 |
0.1784 |
8.3651 |
0.6789 |
0.0395 |
17.2052 |
|
| Q13 |
1.5760 |
0.1921 |
8.2029 |
0.6613 |
0.0410 |
16.1336 |
|
| Q16 |
1.1460 |
0.1380 |
8.3018 |
0.6720 |
0.0401 |
16.7727 |
|
| Q20 |
1.1417 |
0.1451 |
7.8664 |
0.6258 |
0.0440 |
14.2360 |
|
| Q21 |
1.1217 |
0.1550 |
7.2344 |
0.5627 |
0.0489 |
11.5139 |
|
| Q24 |
1.1284 |
0.1488 |
7.5834 |
0.5971 |
0.0463 |
12.9054 |
|
| Q25 |
0.9377 |
0.1863 |
5.0342 |
0.3692 |
0.0608 |
6.0761 |
|
| Q38 |
1.1364 |
0.1580 |
7.1945 |
0.5589 |
0.0492 |
11.3695 |
|
| Q44 |
1.5152 |
0.1902 |
7.9677 |
0.6364 |
0.0431 |
14.7670 |
|
| Q47 |
1.3846 |
0.2107 |
6.5728 |
0.5008 |
0.0532 |
9.4124 |
|
| Q48 |
1.3735 |
0.1782 |
7.7064 |
0.6095 |
0.0453 |
13.4582 |
|
|
Students’ perceptions of faculty
| |||||||
| |
Q2 |
0.9471 |
0.1707 |
5.5478 |
0.4312 |
0.0588 |
7.3346 |
| Q6 |
1.2512 |
0.2332 |
5.3658 |
0.4144 |
0.0597 |
6.9396 |
|
| Q8 |
2.6053 |
0.3446 |
7.5599 |
0.6447 |
0.0440 |
14.6574 |
|
| Q9 |
2.5267 |
0.3653 |
6.9171 |
0.5698 |
0.0498 |
11.4454 |
|
| Q18 |
0.6911 |
0.2053 |
3.3669 |
0.2467 |
0.0670 |
3.6824 |
|
| Q29 |
2.5441 |
0.3336 |
7.6267 |
0.6529 |
0.0433 |
15.0756 |
|
| Q32 |
1.5668 |
0.2449 |
6.3969 |
0.5143 |
0.0537 |
9.5807 |
|
| Q37 |
1.8013 |
0.2452 |
7.3465 |
0.6190 |
0.0460 |
13.4430 |
|
| Q39 |
1.5016 |
0.2387 |
6.2913 |
0.5035 |
0.0544 |
9.2565 |
|
| Q40 |
1.2545 |
0.2119 |
5.9191 |
0.4665 |
0.0567 |
8.2243 |
|
| Q49 |
1.7067 |
0.2748 |
6.2098 |
0.4952 |
0.0549 |
9.0163 |
|
|
Students’ academic self- perceptions
| |||||||
| |
Q5 |
0.6012 |
0.1221 |
4.9254 |
0.3497 |
0.0631 |
5.5419 |
| |
Q10 |
0.4707 |
0.0817 |
5.7588 |
0.4086 |
0.0602 |
6.7889 |
| |
Q22 |
1.1482 |
0.0966 |
11.8915 |
0.8251 |
0.0305 |
27.0709 |
| |
Q26 |
0.2701 |
0.0817 |
3.3063 |
0.2349 |
0.0675 |
3.4814 |
| |
Q27 |
0.8139 |
0.1087 |
7.4860 |
0.5303 |
0.0528 |
10.0414 |
| |
Q31 |
0.5603 |
0.0941 |
5.9548 |
0.4225 |
0.0594 |
7.1069 |
| |
Q41 |
0.6104 |
0.0866 |
7.0480 |
0.4995 |
0.0548 |
9.1071 |
| |
Q45 |
0.4088 |
0.0820 |
4.9855 |
0.3540 |
0.0629 |
5.6267 |
|
Students’ perceptions of atmosphere
| |||||||
| |
Q11 |
0.6975 |
0.0894 |
7.7977 |
0.4994 |
0.0520 |
9.5969 |
| Q12 |
0.7920 |
0.1015 |
7.8063 |
0.4998 |
0.0520 |
9.6120 |
|
| Q17 |
0.3915 |
0.0923 |
4.2418 |
0.2845 |
0.0631 |
4.5067 |
|
| Q23 |
0.5747 |
0.0769 |
7.4694 |
0.4808 |
0.0532 |
9.0337 |
|
| Q30 |
0.5529 |
0.0753 |
7.3415 |
0.4735 |
0.0537 |
8.8208 |
|
| Q33 |
0.4993 |
0.0865 |
5.7701 |
0.3805 |
0.0589 |
6.4579 |
|
| Q34 |
0.5322 |
0.0759 |
7.0120 |
0.4546 |
0.0548 |
8.2879 |
|
| Q35 |
0.9709 |
0.0856 |
11.3359 |
0.6798 |
0.0382 |
17.8142 |
|
| Q36 |
0.7168 |
0.0930 |
7.7043 |
0.4941 |
0.0524 |
9.4342 |
|
| Q42 |
1.1167 |
0.1047 |
10.6660 |
0.6484 |
0.0409 |
15.8695 |
|
| Q43 |
1.0665 |
0.0901 |
11.8394 |
0.7025 |
0.0361 |
19.4404 |
|
| Q50 |
0.8264 |
0.1016 |
8.1352 |
0.5181 |
0.0508 |
10.2027 |
|
|
Students’ social self- perceptions
| |||||||
| Q3 |
0.7794 |
0.0854 |
9.1271 |
0.6195 |
0.0464 |
13.3472 |
|
| Q4 |
0.9577 |
0.0880 |
10.8822 |
0.7233 |
0.0380 |
19.0504 |
|
| Q14 |
0.3078 |
0.0849 |
3.6231 |
0.2560 |
0.0669 |
3.8263 |
|
| Q15 |
0.5354 |
0.0832 |
6.4333 |
0.4473 |
0.0582 |
7.6908 |
|
| Q19 |
0.9263 |
0.0945 |
9.8048 |
0.6606 |
0.0432 |
15.3067 |
|
| Q28 |
0.8221 |
0.0941 |
8.7324 |
0.5951 |
0.0483 |
12.3271 |
|
| Q46 | 0.3790 | 0.0667 | 5.6826 | 0.3971 | 0.0609 | 6.5211 | |