Table 1.
Anti-VEGF agents.
| Anti-VEGF agents | Mechanism of action | Molecular weight | FDA approval |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pegaptanib sodium (Macugen) |
Selective VEGF antagonist (165 isoform). | 50 kDa | AMD (2004) |
|
| |||
| Ranibizumab (Lucentis) |
Recombinant humanized IgG1 kappa antibody fragment. Inhibits all isoforms of human VEGF-A. | 48 kDa | AMD (2006) RVO edema (2010) DME (2012) |
|
| |||
| Bevacizumab (Avastin) |
Full-size, humanized, recombinant monoclonal IgG antibody. Inhibits all isoforms of human VEGF-A. | 149 kDa | Off-label use in ophthalmology |
|
| |||
| Aflibercept (Eylea) |
Fully human recombinant fusion protein. Inhibits all isoforms of human VEGF-A and B as well as binds placental growth factors 1 and 2. | 115 kDa | AMD (2011) RVO edema (2012) |
RVO: retinal vein occlusion.