Figure 4. Release of inflammatory cytokines by macrophages following 24 hours of exposure to HRV1A or HRV16.

Primary MDMs (1×10⁶ cells/ml) from 34 healthy donors were treated with HRV16 or HRV1A at an MOI of 10. After 24 hours, cell supernatants were analyzed for A) CCL20, B) CCL2, C) IL-10, and D) CXCL10 protein by sandwich ELISA. Data from 50 donor cell populations were pooled and analyzed by Student’s t-tests for paired samples. Significant differences (p<0.05) are indicated by*.