Table 2.

Overview endothelial microparticles in sepsis.

Study group	Study design	Detection method	Phenotype EMP	Main findings
Joop et al. [23]	Case-control MODS and sepsis (n = 9)	Flow cytometry isolated MP frozen samples	CD62E+/ Annexin V+ CD144+/ Annexin V+	(i) Lower number CD62E+ EMP (ii) Unchanged number CD144+ EMP
Mortaza et al. [24]	Rat cecal ligation and puncture model	Flow cytometry PFP	CD54+/ Annexin V+	(i) Unchanged EMP in sepsis (ii) Septic MP caused vasoplegic shock in healthy rats
Mostefai et al. [25]	Case-control sepsis (n = 36) mouse model: injection of septic MP	Flow cytometry PFP frozen samples	CD146+	(i) Increased EMP in sepsis (ii) Septic MP induced increased responsiveness to vasoconstrictors in aortic rings
Nieuwland et al. [26]	Case-control meningococcal sepsis (n = 7)	Flow cytometry isolated MP	CD62E+/ Annexin V+	Nonsignificant increase in sepsis
Ogura et al. [27]	Case-control severe SIRS (n = 28, sepsis = 12)	Flow cytometry PRP	CD54+ CD31+	EMP increased in sepsis
Pérez-Casal et al. [28]	Case control study of APC treated sepsis patients	Flow cytometry isolated MP	CD13+ EPCR+	Increased CD13+ EPCR+ MP
Soriano et al. [29]	Case control severe sepsis (n = 35)	Flow cytometry PPP	CD31+ CD42b−	(i) EMP higher in severe sepsis (ii) EMP higher in survivors (iii) Negative correlation with SOFA on D2 and D3
van Ierssel et al. [22]	Case-control severe sepsis (n = 26)	Flow cytometry PPP	CD31+ CD42b−	Unchanged number of EMP versus healthy controls

EMP: endothelial microparticles; MODS: multiorgan dysfunction syndrome; MP: microparticle; PFP: platelet free plasma; PPP: platelet poor plasma; PRP: platelet rich plasma; SOFA: sequential organ dysfunction assessment.