Table 3.
Overview endothelial progenitor cells in acute brain injury, SAH, and TBI.
| Study group | Study type | Phenotype EPC | Main findings |
|---|---|---|---|
| Liang et al. [30] | Case-control unruptured intracranial aneurysm (n = 24) | CFU-EPC Migration to VEGF |
Decreased proliferative and migratory capacity of EPC |
|
| |||
| Liu et al. [31] | Case-control TBI (n = 29) |
CD34+ CD133+ in isolated PBMC |
Decreased EPC in TBI, steady increase from day 5–7 with peak day 7 |
|
| |||
| Liu et al. [32] | Case-control TBI (n = 84) |
CD34+ CD133+ in isolated PBMC |
(i) Decreased EPC 24–48 h after TBI, increase to day 7 (ii) Non-survivors lower EPC |
|
| |||
| Wei et al. [33] | Case-control ruptured cerebral aneurysm (n = 14) |
CD34+ CD133+ Isolated PBMC |
(i) Decreased number of EPC in patients (ii) Increase after coiling with a peak at day 14 |
|
| |||
| Wei et al. [34] | Case-control cerebral aneurysm (n = 56, ruptured n = 35) |
CD34+ CD133+ CD34+ KDR+ in isolated PBMC Migration to VEGF |
(i) Both EPC phenotypes reduced in cerebral aneurysm (ii) Impaired migration and increased of EPC in cerebral aneurysm |
EPC: endothelial progenitor cells; PBMC: peripheral blood mononuclear cells; VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor; TBI: traumatic brain injury.