Fig. 1.

Eye-specific expression of α-synuclein by GMR-GAL4 causes a rough eye phenotype that is prevented by Nedd4 co-expression. Unlike control flies expressing GMR-GAL4/+ (A), overexpression of α-synuclein caused a rough eye phenotype (B) that is detectable only by SEM. (C) The phenotype was not worsened in doubly transgenic flies co-expressing Nedd4 RNAi and α-synuclein (labeled Syn/Nedd4 RNAi). (D) Overproduction of Nedd4 prevented the α-synuclein-induced degenerative eye phenotype (labeled Syn/Nedd4). Scale bar, 100 μm. ‘Flip-out’ clones confirmed that α-synuclein (E, F) Nedd4 (G, H) and Nedd4 RNAi (I, J) were readily expressed in GFP positive clones in larval eye discs upon heat shock. (K) Quantitative analysis of the severity of the eye phenotypes; n = 20 SEM images per group, p < 0.01 using ANOVA.