Table 1. General characteristic of cases (in chronologic order).
Author | Patient gender & age | Anti-diabetics | [Period before onset of BP] | Diagnosis | Treatment | Outcome |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Attaway et al. (2013) |
M / 70 | Sitagliptin + metformin | 12 mo | DIF: Linear IgG and linear C3 BMZ pattern | Changed anti-hyperglycemic treatment on admission MP 60 mg q8hr IV x 3 days, then prednisone 0.75 mg/kg bw/day with tapering after stable remission |
Sustained remission after the sitagliptin was discontinued at 2 mo follow up |
Aouidad et al. (2013) |
M / 61 | Vildagliptin + metformin | 6 mo | DIF: Linear IgG and linear C3 BMZ pattern Indirect IF positive | Topical corticosteroid (clobetasol propionate) on a 15-wk tapering regimen | Disappearance of the pruritus 1 wk after medication treatment halted Sustained remission at 2 mo follow up |
M / 93 | Sitagliptin + gliclazide | 6 mo | Indirect IF negative * | Topical corticosteroid (clobetasol propionate) 2 months after first lesions appeared | Refractory disease under topical treatment and sitagliptin therapy for 10 months Partial remission 2 wk after stopping sitagliptin treatment |
|
M / 76 | Sitagliptin + metformin | 5 mo | Indirect IF negative* | Topical corticosteroid (clobetasol propionate) | Delayed improvement of the eruption with topical treatment after 6 mo with persisting pruritus | |
Skandalis et al. (2012) |
F / 78 | Vildagliptin + metformin | 13 mo | DIF: Linear IgG and linear C3 BMZ pattern Indirect IF positive |
MP: 0.5 mg∕kg bw∕day, followed by MTX: 0.1 mg ∕ kg bw ∕ week with MP tapering after induction of stable remission Delayed change of anti- hyperglycaemic treatment (after discharge) |
Sustained remission at 384 mg prednisone equivalent cumulative dose Refractory disease with slow tapering of MP |
F / 80 | Sitagliptin + metformin | 4 mo | DIF: Linear BMZ C3 pattern Indirect IF positive |
MP: 0.5 mg/kg bw/day, followed by MTX: 0.1 mg/kg bw∕week MP tapering after induction of stable remission Delayed change of anti- hyperglycaemic treatment (before discharge) |
Sustained remission induced at 115 mg prednisone equivalent cumulative dose Rash reduction of MP at 4 mg/day within 6 weeks |
|
F / 72 | Vildagliptin + metformin | 8 mo | DIF: negative Indirect IF positive |
Change of anti-hyperglycaemic treatment on admission Topical mometasone furoate 0.1% cream treatment only |
Relapsed course under systemic corticosteroid pulses during a 4 mo period before admission Sustained remission within the first wk (6 days) after withdrawal of gliptin with topical treatment only |
|
M / 67 | Vildagliptin + metformin | 10 mo | DIF: Linear IgG and linear BMZ C3 pattern Indirect IF negative |
Change of anti-hyperglycemic treatment on admission MP: 0.5 mg/kg bw/day MP tapering after induction of stable remission |
Relapsed course under interrupted glucocorticoid treatment courses during a 6 mo period prior to admit Sustained remission 5 days after withdrawal of gliptin under treatment with MP (at cumulative dose 192 mg prednisone equivalent) MP tapering to 4 mg/day without relapse |
|
M / 75 | Vildagliptin + metformin | 2 mo | DIF: Linear IgG and linear BMZ C3 pattern Indirect IF positive |
Changed anti-hyperglycemic treatment on admission MP: 0.5 mg/kg bw/day MTX: 0.1 mg/kg bw/week MP tapering after induction of stable remission |
Gliptin treatment withdrawal 1 week before onset of anti-BP treatment with partial remission without anti-BP treatment at admission Sustained BP remission under quickly tapered MP schedule (complete remission at 115 mg cumulative prednisone equivalent dose) |
|
Pasmatzi et al. (2011) # |
F / 59 | Vildagliptin + metformin | 2 mo | DIF positive | 0.5 mg/kg/day methylprednisolone on an 8-week tapering scheme | Complete remission was achieved 10 weeks after the vildagliptin / metformin was discontinued |
M / 67 | Vildagliptin + metformin | 2 mo | DIF positive | 200 mg/day doxycycline for a period of 4 weeks | Complete remission was achieved 8 weeks after the vildagliptin / metformin was discontinued | |
* It was implied but not explicitly stated that a skin biopsy was performed with linear IgG and BMZ C3 pattern. # It was stated that histologic and immunofluorescence patterns from skin biopsy were consistent with BP but the exact studies done were not commented on. |