Table 1. Demographic, clinical and neuropsychological characteristics of schizophrenia patients and healthy controls.
| Patients n = 40 (mean, (SD)) | Controls n = 16 (mean, (SD)) | Statistic (p-value) | |
| Gender, N (f, m) | 14 f, 35%; 26 m, 65% | 6 f, 37.5%; 10 m, 62.5% | χ2 1, 56 .03 (.860) |
| Age, y | 38.72 (10.59) | 38 (10.65) | t 1, 54 = .23 (.818) |
| Education, (y) | 13.24 (4.02) | 13.72 (2.93) | t 1, 54 = −.50 (.623) |
| MWT-B (score) | 25.50 (4.72) | 26 (4.52) | t 1, 54 = −.36 (.718) |
| PANSS positive (score) | 11.80 (3.72) | / | / |
| PANSS negative (score) | 13.30 (6.24) | / | / |
| PANSS global (score) | 27.95 (10.99) | / | / |
| PANSS overall (score) | 53.05 (19.23) | / | / |
| SOFAS Scale (score) | 46.40 (9.15) | / | / |
| GAF Scale (score) | 45.50 (8.84) | / | / |
| Duration of Illness (y) | 14.31 (9.25) | / | / |
| Trail Making Test-A (sec.) | 43.48 (22.19) | 26.62 (6.16) | t 1,50.6 = 4.40 (<.001) |
| Trail Making Test-B (sec.) | 112 (45.61) | 70.94 (29.59) | t 1,54 = 3.33 (.002) |
| Verbal Fluency (N correct) | 28.58 (8.43) | 37.69 (10.92) | t 1,54 = −3.35 (.001) |
| Digit Symbol Test (N correct) | 38.87 (11.61) | 57 (10.39) | t 1,54 = −5.42 (<.001) |
| Logical Memory Test, immediate (score) | 14.55 (6.94) | 20.62 (9.05) | t 1,54 = −2.71 (.009) |
| Logical Memory Test, delayed (score) | 9.62 (6.73) | 15.25 (7.99) | t 1,54 = −2.68 (.010) |
| Digit Span Test, forward (score) | 6.78 (1.83) | 8.44 (2.03) | t 1,54 = −2.97 (.004) |
| Digit Span Test, backward (score) | 5.02 (1.64) | 7 (2.16) | t 1,54 = 3.71 (<.001) |