Table 1. Participation in International Agreements for Countries in the Northwest Pacific Ocean.

Fishing Entity	CMS Party	CMS Shark MoU Signatory	CITES Party	Finning Ban	WCPFC* Member	IOTC* Member
Russia	No	No	Yes	No	No	No
China	No	No	Yes	*	Yes	Yes
Japan	No	No	Yes, Reservation on white shark listing	Yes, with weak standards & some exceptions	Yes	Yes
Philippines	Yes	Yes	Yes	*	Yes	Yes
Vietnam	No	No	Yes	No	No	No
Republic of Korea	No	No	Yes	No	Yes	Yes
Taiwan	No	No	No	Yes, used fin to carcass ratio; now phasing in fins attached rule	Yes	Cannot become member because of lack of membership in UN bodies

*These RFMOs have adopted finning bans (based on a 5% fin to carcass ratio limit). Members are obligated to adopt domestic regulations in line with RFMO measures.