Table 1.
Metabolic effects of AEX+WL and WL
| AEX+WL (n=37) | WL (n=40) | Intervention Comparison | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||
| Pre | Post | Pre | Post | ||
| Age (yr) | 60 ± 1 | --- | 61 ± 1 | --- | NS |
| Weight (kg) | 85.2 ± 2.4 | 78.2 ± 2.2 ‡ | 87.2 ± 2.1 | 80.0 ± 2.0‡ | NS |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 32 ± 1 | 30 ± 1 ‡ | 33 ± 1 | 30 ± 1‡ | NS |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 96.3 ± 2.4 | 91.8 ± 2.5‡ | 96.7 ± 1.6 | 91.0 ± 1.7‡ | NS |
| Percent body fat | 47.1 ± 0.9 | 43.5 ± 1.1‡ | 47.8 ± 0.6 | 44.8 ± 0.8‡ | NS |
| Fat mass (kg) | 40.6 ± 1.7 | 34.8 ± 1.7‡ | 42.4 ± 1.5 | 36.7 ± 1.4‡ | NS |
| Fat-free mass (kg) | 45.0 ± 1.1 | 44.1 ± 0.9* | 45.4 ± 0.8 | 43.9 ± 0.8† | NS |
| VO2max (l/min) | 1.78 ± 0.08 a | 2.03 ± 0.10‡ | 1.50 ± 0.06 | 1.48 ± 0.05 | P<0.01 |
| Visceral fat (cm2) | 145.8 ± 13.6 | 125.6 ± 11.7† | 141.8 ± 8.8 | 120.2 ± 6.9† | NS |
| Subcutaneous abdominal fat (cm2) | 458.4 ± 24.4 | 390.4 ± 27.8‡ | 432.0 ± 23.8 | 379.8 ± 21.4† | NS |
| Total abdominal fat (cm2) | 598.7 ± 34.2 | 505.9 ± 35.8‡ | 567.6 ± 24.6 | 493.4 ± 23.3‡ | NS |
| Total abdominal/Visceral | 4.97 ± 0.38 | 5.08 ± 0.40 | 4.64 ± 0.34 | 4.73 ± 0.35 | NS |
| Sagittal Diameter (mm) | 25.8 ± 0.7 | 23.8 ± 0.7‡ | 25.3 ± 0.5 | 23.4 ± 0.5‡ | NS |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 123 ± 2a | 118 ± 2† | 119 ± 1 | 116 ± 2* | NS |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 69 ± 1 | 67 ± 1 | 68 ± 1 | 65 ± 1* | NS |
| TG (mg/dl) | 118 ± 7 | 101 ± 5‡ | 122 ± 8 | 111 ± 8‡ | NS |
| Total Cholesterol (mg/dl) | 193 ± 6 | 188 ± 5 | 200 ± 5 | 193 ± 5 | NS |
| HDL-C (mg/dl) | 51 ± 2 | 55 ± 2† | 56 ± 2 | 58 ± 2 | NS |
| HDL3-C (mg/dl) | 41 ± 1 a | 44 ±1* | 45 ± 1 | 44 ± 1 | NS |
| LDL-C (mg/dl) | 118 ± 5 | 113 ± 4 | 119 ± 5 | 114 ± 4 | NS |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/l) | 5.2 ± 0.1 | 5.1 ± 0.1* | 5.4 ± 0.1 | 5.0 ± 0.1‡ | NS |
| Glucose@120min (mmol/l) | 7.3 ± 0.3 | 6.8 ± 0.2 | 6.9 ± 0.3 | 6.7 ±0.3 | NS |
| Fasting insulin (pmol/l) | 84 ± 8 | 69 ± 5† | 88 ± 6 | 66 ± 4‡ | NS |
| HOMA-IR | 2.9 ± 0.3 | 2.3 ± 0.2† | 3.0 ± 0.2 | 2.1 ± 0.1‡ | |
| M (mg/kg/min) | 6.2 ± 0.3 | 7.4 ± 0.4‡ | 6.0 ± 0.3 | 6.6 ± 0.3† | NS |
| M (μmol/kgFFM/min) | 64.6 ± 3.3 | 71.1 ± 3.1* | 63.8 ± 3.1 | 68.1 ± 3.6 | NS |
VO2max = maximal oxygen consumption, BP = blood pressure, TG= triglycerides, HDL-C = high density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C = low density lipoprotein cholesterol, HOMA-IR = Homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance, M = glucose utilization.NS, nonsignificant. Values are mean ± SEM. Baseline differences tested between groups;
a
P<0.05.
Significantly different pre vs. post intervention:
*
P<0.05;
†
P<0.01;
‡
P<0.001.