Table 4.

Contribution of urban forests on air quality and climate change mitigation (year 2008)

Air pollutant	Removal biophysical value (t year−1)	Removal monetary value (USD year−1)	City-based emissions (t year−1)	Background pollution influence (%)	Ecosystem Service contribution (%)
					City-based emissions	City-based emissions and background pollution
PM10	166.01	1 097 964	743.77	88.10	22.32	2.66
NO2	54.59	540 745	10 412.94	18.70	0.52	0.43
CO2eq	19 036	407 177	4 053 766 84 403a	N/A	0.47 22.55a	N/A

^aCO₂eq emissions from services and activities directly managed by the City Council (“Covenant of Mayors” policy target baseline emissions)