Fig. 3.

Extracellular flux analysis of mitochondrial function in NRK-52E cells. Cells were grown on XF24 cell culture plates at 75,000 per well and after various exposures, they were analyzed in a SeaHorse XF24 Extracellular Flux Analyzer. A–B: NRK-52E cells exposed to BSA(FA) for 24 h exhibited reduced basal respiration, ATP turnover, maximal and reserve respiratory capacities. C–D: exposure to FA-free albumin did not have any significant effect on mitochondrial respiratory parameters and energetics. E–F: exposure to palmitate led to an even more pronounced decline in energetic parameters. The XF24 graphs are representative for 3–4 different experiments, with 6–7 wells of control or treated groups per plate. *P < 0.05 vs. control, means ± SD. O, oligomycin; F, FCCP; A, antimycin A.