Table 1.
Summary statistics of the respondents by socio-demographic, health behavior, and their self-rated health score.
| Variables | Count (%) | Mean ± SD | Variables | Count (%) | Mean ± SD |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender* | Marital status* | ||||
| Male | 525 (48.08) | 73.51 ± 15.34 | Single | 37 (3.39) | 75.95 ± 19.47 |
| Female | 565 (51.74) | 71.52 ± 15.88 | Married | 810 (74.18) | 72.97 ± 14.98 |
| Age* | Widowed | 237 (21.70) | 70.21 ± 16.77 | ||
| 60–64 | 401 (36.72) | 75.35 ± 13.98 | Health insurance* | ||
| 65–69 | 244 (22.34) | 74.20 ± 14.76 | Urban employe insurance | 109 (9.98) | 70.62 ± 15.51 |
| 70–74 | 200 (18.32) | 70.72 ± 14.01 | Free medicare for civil servants | 179 (16.39) | 75.18 ± 15.26 |
| 75–79 | 142 (13.00) | 66.64 ± 17.30 | New Rural Cooperative Medical System | 709 (64.93) | 72.42 ± 15.75 |
| 80–100 | 105 (9.62) | 68.90 ± 20.50 | None | 34 (3.11) | 68.82 ± 17.71 |
| City-rural residence | Employment* | ||||
| City | 340 (31.13) | 71.87 ± 15.08 | Employed | 131 (12.00) | 76.64 ± 15.12 |
| Rural | 752 (68.86) | 72.77 ± 15.89 | Retired | 331 (30.31) | 72.75 ± 15.84 |
| Income per capita per year (CNY) | Unemployed | 619 (56.68) | 71.47 ± 15.53 | ||
| 0–3000 | 227 (20.79) | 70.77 ± 15.24 | Education* | ||
| 3001–5000 | 204 (18.68) | 72.47 ± 16.74 | Illiteracy | 255 (23.35) | 69.53 ± 17.97 |
| 5001–10000 | 310 (28.39) | 72.76 ± 16.18 | Elementary school | 339 (31.04) | 71.63 ± 14.01 |
| 10001–20000 | 232 (21.25) | 73.17 ± 14.40 | Junior middle school | 364 (33.33) | 74.70 ± 14.93 |
| 20001–120000 | 98 (8.97) | 74.54 ± 14.03 | Senior middle school and above | 128 (11.72) | 73.97 ± 15.80 |
| Smoke* | Drinking alcohol frequency (weekly)* | ||||
| Current smoker | 242 (22.16) | 75.45 ± 14.38 | At least 3 times | 194 (17.77) | 76.08 ± 14.36 |
| Former smoker | 65 (5.95) | 67.12 ± 18.46 | 1–2 Times | 16 (1.47) | 74.38 ± 15.15 |
| Non-smoker | 775 (70.97) | 72.07 ± 15.43 | Null or seldom | 840 (76.92) | 71.73 ± 15.92 |
| Physical exercises weekly* | Physical examination test in the past 24 months* | ||||
| Regularly | 727 (66.58) | 74.51 ± 13.20 | Yes | 529 (48.44) | 74.01 ± 14.20 |
| Occasionally | 42 (3.85) | 72.50 ± 14.95 | No | 554 (50.73) | 71.22 ± 16.57 |
| Never | 313 (28.66) | 67.82 ± 19.04 | Having chronic disease* | ||
| 2-week sickness* | Yes | 589 (53.94) | 68.74 ± 15.18 | ||
| Yes | 431 (39.47) | 65.86 ± 14.62 | No | 483 (44.23) | 77.00 ± 15.07 |
| No | 657 (60.16) | 76.86 ± 14.73 | |||
| Seriousness of 2-week sickness* | Degree of self-perceived anxiety or depression* | ||||
| Mild | 86 (19.95) | 69.30 ± 13.46 | None | 1048 (95.97) | 73.36 ± 14.88 |
| Moderate | 216 (50.12) | 66.60 ± 12.98 | Moderate | 36 (3.30) | 55.56 ± 13.08 |
| Severe | 120 (27.84) | 61.54 ± 16.29 | Extreme | 7 (0.64) | 28.57 ± 27.34 |
| Hospitalized* | Ability of taking usual activities (working/reading or doing housework)* | ||||
| Yes | 158 (14.47) | 74.02 ± 14.98 | No problems | 989 (90.57) | 74.41 ± 13.71 |
| No | 921 (84.34) | 63.32 ± 16.33 | Some problems | 51 (4.67) | 60.69 ± 14.87 |
| Walking Ability* | Unable to perform usual activities | 50 (4.58) | 47.40 ± 21.05 | ||
| No problems | 949 (86.90) | 74.47 ± 13.69 | Severity of pain or discomfort* | ||
| Some problems | 112 (10.26) | 63.66 ± 17.40 | None | 994 (91.03) | 74.01 ± 14.29 |
| Confined to bed | 29 (2.66) | 44.48 ± 23.20 | Moderate | 84 (7.69) | 58.99 ± 17.61 |
| Ability of self-care (washing and dressing)* | Extreme | 13 (1.19) | 42.69 ± 27.58 | ||
| No problems | 1014 (92.86) | 74.18 ± 13.83 | |||
| Some problems | 40 (3.66) | 57.38 ± 15.52 | |||
| Unable to wash or dress | 37 (3.39) | 44.46 ± 21.98 | |||
Missing values were not considered in the analysis (<2%); for marital status, two groups (6 divorced and 2 other marital status) were deleted because of limited size; for social health insurance, two groups (26 participated in health insurance for citizen and 17 participated in other health insurance) were deleted because of limited size and they were not currently popular health insurance in China; commercial insurance was not considered in this paper because only 1.9% object were insured by it, of those 34 objects without any social health insurance, only 1 person were insured by commercial insurance; *P < 0.05.