Table 3. Immunological effects of opioids.
Receptor | Effects |
µ |
↓ NK cell activity ↓ Macrophage activities ↓T-cell proliferation, NO release |
Δ |
↑ NK cell activity ↓ Plaque-forming cell |
δ, antagonists | ↓ Delayed hypersensitivity reaction |
Κ | ↓ Humoral immunity |
κ antagonists |
↑ Plaque-forming cell ↓ Humoral immunity |