Table 1. Demographic and clinical variables according to HIV infection status.
| HIV negative (%) n = 44 | HIV positive (%) n = 46 | p | |
| Age (mean ± SD), years | 37,1±14,0 | 41,0±10,9 | 0.13 |
| Sex (male∶female) | 11∶33 | 11∶35 | 1.00 |
| Previous VL episode | 2/44 (4.5) | 20/46 (43.5) | 0.00 |
| Malnutrition | 11/44 (25.0) | 28/46 (60.9) | 0.00 |
| Median length of illness (IR), days | 60 (30–120) | 60 (40–91) | 0.14 |
| Median spleen size # (IR), cm | 6 (4–10) | 5 (2–7) | 0.02 |
| Median liver size § (IR), cm | 5 (4–7) | 4 (2–5) | 0.01 |
| Fever | 39/44 (88.6) | 28/46 (60.9) | 0.00 |
| Hepatosplenomegaly | 40/44 (90.9) | 31/46 (67.4) | 0.01 |
| Cytopenia | 44/44 (100) | 46/46 (100) | 1.00 |
| Jaundice | 14/44 (31.8) | 7/46 (15.2) | 0.12 |
| Edema | 15/44 (34) | 8/46 (17.4) | 0.09 |
| Hypotension | 4/44 (9.1) | 8/46 (17.4) | 0.35 |
| Bleeding | 10/44 (22.7) | 9/46 (19.6) | 0.79 |
| Bleeding site | 0.81 | ||
| Skin/Mucosa | 6/44 (13.6) | 4/46 (8.7) | |
| Digestive tract | 3/44 (6.8) | 4/46 (8.7) | |
| Urinary tract | 1/44 (2.3) | 1/46 (2.2) | |
| Dyspnea | 8/44 (18.2) | 8/46 (17.4) | 1.00 |
| Diarrhea | 5/44 (11.4) | 10/46 (21.7) | 0.26 |
| Vomiting | 14/44 (31.8) | 11/46 (23.9) | 0.48 |
| Median hemoglobin (IR), g/dL | 8.5 (7.2–9.5) | 8.2 (7.2–9.0) | 0.47 |
| Median leukocyte count (IR), cells/L | 1850 (1275–2679) | 2000 (1575–2800) | 0.14 |
| Median platelets count (IR), cells/L | 90.000 (61500–115.000) | 114.500 (82.750–173.000) | 0.00 |
| Median total bilirubin (IR), mg% | 0.9 (0.6–1.55) | 0.6 (0.5–1.1) | 0.23 |
| GOT (IR), IU/L | 79 (40.5–155) | 44 (27.2–61.7) | 0.00 |
| Serum creatinine (IR), mg% | 0.9 (0.7–1.1) | 0.8 (0.7–1.1) | 0.25 |
| RNI (IR) | 1.3 (1.2–1.4) | 1.3 (1–1.5) | 0.61 |
| Serum albumin (IR), mg% | 2.6±0.6 | 2.7±0.7 | 0.62 |
SD: standard deviation IR: 25–75% interquartile range VL: visceral leishmaniasis.
#
measured on physical examination at the left midclavicular line.
§
measured on physical examination at the right midclavicular line.
Hepatosplenomegaly: palpable spleen or liver 2 cm over the right costal margin, as measured on physical examination Cytopenia: the presence of hemoglobin below 12 g% or a leukocyte count of less than 3500 cells/mm3 or a platelet count of less than 120000 cells/mm3 GOT: glutamate oxaloacetate transaminases