Table 2. Pooled effects of fruit juice on fasting glucose, fasting insulin, HbA1c and HOMA-IR levels.

Variable	No. of studies	Sample size (treatment/control)	Net change (95% CI)	P	Test of heterogeneity
					P	I2,%
Fasting glucose (mg/dL)	12	279/276	0.79 (−1.44, 3.02)	0.49	0.68	0.0
Fasting insulin (µIU/ml)	5	149/156	−0.74 (−2.62, 1.14)	0.44	0.48	0.0
HbA1c (%)	3	56/54	−0.03 (−0.28, 0.23)	0.84	0.20	38.5
HOMA-IR (units)	3	121/119	0.59 (0.20, 0.97)	<0.01	0.01	77.2

HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; HOMA-IR, the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance.