Figure 1. The relationships between vein and stomatal density, vein density and 1/√ leaf area, stomatal density and 1/leaf area, and epidermal cell area and leaf area.

Data (± standard error) are shown for coffee plants grown under shade (black circles) or full sun (white circles). Asterisks denote differences (*, P<0.05; **, P<0.01) between the observed values for the shade plants and the expected values (broken line) if these were proportional to the averages for the sun plants.